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Medications For Anxiety Disorder and Depression Many people find that medications help them manage anxiety. However they aren't the only option. Psychotherapy and exercise can be effective treatments. Certain antidepressants, including SSRIs (citalopram, Lexapro, fluoxetine, Prozac, paroxetine, Zoloft) also help with anxiety. Other medications, like histamine blockers, such as Vistaril (hydroxyzine), can also provide relief. Antidepressants If you're diagnosed with depression, your doctor might prescribe medication as part of a treatment plan. Antidepressants are one of the most common prescription drugs, and there are many kinds to pick from. The type your provider chooses is based on the severity of your symptoms as well as any other medical conditions you suffer from, and your the treatment goals. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are among the most commonly prescribed antidepressants. They alter the way that nerve cells in your brain communicate. These drugs work by increasing the amount neurotransmitters in your brain, which enhances your mood and reduces anxiety. Antidepressants may take a few weeks to show results, so be patient and adhere to your treatment. Benzodiazepines may also be prescribed by your doctor to treat anxiety or depression. These drugs are fast-acting and can be used to alleviate depression and anxiety symptoms in a short time. Examples of benzodiazepines are alprazolam and lorazepam. They block the actions of adrenaline and noradrenaline hormones, which are involved in the body's fight or flight response. Monoamine inhibitors of oxidase are a type of antidepressant that is also effective in treating anxiety and depression. These are often prescribed to patients who have not had a response to other antidepressants. panic anxiety disorder require changes to diet to prevent hypertensive reactions caused by the amino acid tyramine. If you're taking a prescription antidepressant, tell your doctor about any other medications you're taking, including vitamins and supplements. You might need to reduce your dose if you're taking other medications that affect how well antidepressants function or cause side effects. If you think you're having thoughts of suicide, seek assistance right away from a medical professional. You might have different symptoms for anxiety and depression or you may be suffering from comorbid anxiety and depression. Patients with comorbid depression as well as anxiety suffer from a worse medical prognosis than those who suffer from either disorder on their own. Certain psychiatric drugs have been found to be especially helpful in treating both disorders for those who suffer from comorbid depression and anxiety. Benzodiazepines Anxiety symptoms can be relieved by drugs known as benzodiazepines. They include alprazolam (Xanax), the clonazepam (Klonopin), chlordiazepoxide (Librium), diazepam (Valium) and lorazepam (Ativan). These drugs work by affecting the benzodiazepine receptors of the central nervous system, which are 5 transmembrane protein molecules that form a benzylchloride-channel at the center. The benzodiazepine receptors have an affinity site for the inhibitory neurotransmitter, gamma-aminobutryic acid type A (GABA-A). The benzodiazepines work by increasing the GABA-A concentration, thus decreasing nerve activity and relaxing muscles. Benzodiazepines are known for their rapid onset however, they also carry a high risk of dependence and addiction. panic anxiety disorder and antidepressants along with anticonvulsants and buspirone are slower in the onset of action, however they are still better for long-term use, as they do not cause tolerance or create addiction. Depression can be associated with anxiety disorders , and antidepressants may help reduce the depressive symptoms that are a result of anxiety. Many people suffering from depression experience a combination both of anxious and depressive symptoms. They will need to mix medication and talk therapy in order to control their symptoms. In these situations benzodiazepines are used for brief durations to treat depression and anxiety symptoms until another medication takes effect. These medications are usually prescribed for a short period of time, and not on a daily basis. These medications should not be taken for extended periods of time because they may trigger withdrawal symptoms, such as shaking or difficulty sleeping. Tell your doctor if you have had any issues with substance abuse, dependence or mental health. Your doctor can talk about possible side effects and recommend alternative treatment options for your depression, if needed. Benzodiazepines can cause serious, even life-threatening complications in the event that you consume too much or haven't used them before. If you are breastfeeding, pregnant or have an underlying liver disease or respiratory or digestive disorders, your doctor may require lower doses or reduce the duration of treatment with these medications. Alcohol can interact with benzodiazepines and could increase the risk of side effects and dependence, so it is advised not to drink alcohol while taking them. Beta-blockers Beta-blockers are a medication that can reduce anxiety symptoms. They are a different type of drug than benzodiazepines, such as Xanax and work by blocking receptors that adrenaline binds to. They also slow down brain and nervous system activity. They can be used in lieu of benzodiazepines, which are more addictive and carry a higher dependency risk. Beta blockers, which reduce blood pressure and slow the heart rate, are commonly prescribed to treat heart conditions. They are also beneficial in treating anxiety. They are not FDA-approved to treat anxiety disorder. They are often employed “off label” for this purpose, and are a good option if other anti-anxiety medications do not offer relief or have unacceptable adverse effects. They are especially effective in situations of social anxiety and performance anxiety, where unpleasant symptoms can arise during events that trigger anxiety. They can be utilized in conjunction with other treatment methods like CBT and SSRIs. They are particularly effective as an additional therapy for people suffering from GAD which is characterised by constant and unremitting worry that can interfere with daily activities. They can also aid in managing the physical symptoms of anxiety, like the racing heart or the increased sweating. Beta-blockers can help ease physical symptoms of anxiety but they don't address the underlying psychological issues that cause the condition. They are recommended as a complement to other treatments such as benzodiazepines and SSRIs. Before taking beta-blockers, it is crucial to talk with your doctor about your medical history and any other health issues. The use of these medications is associated with reduced suicidal and psychiatric hospitalisations However, the results differ depending on the specific psychiatric condition and past psychiatric history. In some patients, they may also increase the risk of heart attacks. Some natural products contain similar properties to beta-blockers, but are not as effective. These include antioxidants, garlic, saffron, and potassium. The effectiveness of these natural supplements isn't fully realized. Some of these supplements may cause serious adverse side adverse effects, therefore it is best to consult with an expert prior to taking them. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) function by altering the way that your brain functions. They interfere with the function of an enzyme known as monoamine oxidase. It breaks down the chemicals serotonin and norepinephrine that allow brain cells to communicate with one other. By blocking monoamine oxidase, MAOIs help to keep more chemical messengers in your brain, which improves your mood through improved brain cell communication. These drugs are also effective in treating anxiety disorders, specifically anxiety disorders like agoraphobia and mixed depression and anxiety states. They are not as effective for pure anxiety and might not be helpful in panic attacks. The MAOIs' effectiveness has been linked to their ability to increase dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine levels in the brain. These neurotransmitters are produced naturally in your body and then released into the bloodstream, where they travel to nerve cells and act as a messenger between neurons. Iproniazid was one of the first antidepressants to be discovered in 1950. It blocked monoamine oxidease. This led to the development of other MAOIs like tranylcypromine or isocarboxazid. These have long been known to treat depression. MAOIs are usually prescribed after other types of antidepressants, such as tricyclic antidepressants or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, have been tried without success. Because they can cause drug and food interactions and could cause serious withdrawal syndrome if stopped abruptly, MAOIs are typically only utilized for patients who fail to respond to other treatments. A newer type of MAOI, called MAO-A, a selective and irreversible inhibitor, is under investigation for use in treating resistant depression. It is not recommended to be used in bipolar disorder as it may cause manic symptoms. Selegiline, a newer MAOI (also known as Zelapar or Eldepryl) is being studied for treatment of Parkinson's disease. It blocks monoamine oxidese but does not affect other enzymes that breakdown levodopa, which is the main treatment for Parkinson’s. These medications can be used either on their own or in conjunction with other antidepressants. In certain patients, the MAOIs can cause a reaction that results in hyper-reflexia and neuromuscular excitability. This can manifest itself as eyelid twitching or muscle twitching. These reactions can be more frequent if the drugs are consumed in conjunction with certain foods, such as aged cheeses or cured meats.